Prediction of Blast-Induced Rock Movement During Bench Blasting: Use of Gray Wolf Optimizer and Support Vector Regression     

Yu  Zhi  Shi  Xiuzhi  Zhou  Jian  Chen  Xin  Miao  Xiaohu  Teng  Bing  Ipangelwa  Timo 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(2):843-865

Natural Resources Research - A large ore loss and dilution can be expected when using a pre-blast ore boundary for shovel guidance because of the movement and re-distribution of ore in the muck...  相似文献   

Modeling lateral circulation and its influence on the along-channel flow in a branched estuary     

Lei Zhu  Qing He  Jian Shen 《Ocean Dynamics》2018,68(2):177-191

A numerical modeling study of the influence of the lateral flow on the estuarine exchange flow was conducted in the north passage of the Changjiang estuary. The lateral flows show substantial variabilities within a flood-ebb tidal cycle. The strong lateral flow occurring during flood tide is caused primarily by the unique cross-shoal flow that induces a strong northward (looking upstream) barotropic force near the surface and advects saltier water toward the northern part of the channel, resulting in a southward baroclinic force caused by the lateral density gradient. Thus, a two-layer structure of lateral flows is produced during the flood tide. The lateral flows are vigorous near the flood slack and the magnitude can exceed that of the along-channel tidal flow during that period. The strong vertical shear of the lateral flows and the salinity gradient in lateral direction generate lateral tidal straining, which are out of phase with the along-channel tidal straining. Consequently, stratification is enhanced at the early stage of the ebb tide. In contrast, strong along-channel straining is apparent during the late ebb tide. The vertical mixing disrupts the vertical density gradient, thus suppressing stratification. The impact of lateral straining on stratification during spring tide is more pronounced than that of along-channel straining during late flood and early ebb tides. The momentum balance along the estuary suggests that lateral flow can augment the residual exchange flow. The advection of lateral flows brings low-energy water from the shoal to the deep channel during the flood tide, whereas the energetic water is moved to the shoal via lateral advection during the ebb tide. The impact of lateral flow on estuarine circulation of this multiple-channel estuary is different from single-channel estuary. A model simulation by blocking the cross-shoal flow shows that the magnitudes of lateral flows and tidal straining are reduced. Moreover, the reduced lateral tidal straining results in a decrease in vertical stratification from the late flood to early ebb tides during the spring tide. By contrast, the along-channel tidal straining becomes dominant. The model results illustrate the important dynamic linkage between lateral flows and estuarine dynamics in the Changjiang estuary.  相似文献   

基于耀斑改正的多光谱水深反演方法研究     

沈蔚  纪茜  邱耀炜  吴忠强 《海洋技术学报》2019,38(5)

利用WorldView-2四波段卫星数据和电子海图数据,基于改进的耀斑改正算法和双波段比值算法,反演获得了3处典型海域的浅水水深。通过不同海域、不同耀斑条件下水深反演实验,探讨了RED,NIR波段在典型四波段水深反演中的作用和影响,发现在双波段比值法水深反演中,引入RED+NIR波段进行耀斑改正处理,可以增加珊瑚、海藻等绿色物质覆盖海底的反射率,有效地提高该类海域的水深反演精度。基于耀斑改正的多光谱水深反演方法,适用于中轻度耀斑条件下,水质较清澈的浅海水深反演,可在国内外典型四波段卫星数据水深反演中推广应用。  相似文献   

内蒙古狼山地区早二叠世花岗闪长岩的年代学、地球化学特征及其构造背景     

田健  滕学建  刘洋  滕飞  郭硕  何鹏  王文龙 《中国地质》2020,47(3):767-781

内蒙古狼山山脉西侧分布有大面积的晚古生代岩浆岩,其时代集中在早石炭世—晚二叠世,不同时代岩浆岩岩石组合对于认识狼山地区晚古生代构造背景具有重要的意义。文章通过岩石学、岩相学、地球化学及Hf同位素等方法,对狼山地区查干乃呼都格一带花岗闪长岩体进行了研究。该岩体岩性为花岗闪长岩,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄显示,其206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(299±1)～(293±2) Ma。岩石暗色矿物为角闪石及黑云母,富含闪长质包体,P_2O_5含量与SiO_2含量之间显示良好的负相关性,富钠(Na_2O含量为3.45%～4.96%),高钠钾比值(Na_2O/K_2O比值为1.33～2.52),岩石地球化学特征显示花岗岩成因类型为Ⅰ型花岗岩。岩石具有负的ε_(Hf)(t)值(-6.3～-2.0)及T_(DM2)为1437～1704 Ma(平均值为1606 Ma),显示了古—中元古代古老地壳熔融的特点,ε_(Hf)(t)-t及角闪石成因图解显示源区有幔源岩浆参与。花岗岩富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K、Pb,不同程度的亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,弱的负Eu异常,显示了岩浆弧的地球化学特征。结合晚石炭世—早二叠世狼山地区侵入岩岩石组合为闪长岩+石英闪长岩+花岗闪长岩(英云闪长岩),早—中二叠世大石寨组火山岩岩石组合为玄武岩+玄武安山岩+安山岩+英安岩,总体反映了陆缘弧的岩石组合;狼山地区早二叠世处于大陆边缘弧的构造背景,与华北地块北缘中东部可以对比。  相似文献   

基于地基GPS-TEC的中国区域地震电离层效应研究     

翟笃林  祝芙英  林剑  杨剑 《中国地震》2020,36(4):857-871

基于中国陆态网络地基GPS-TEC观测，针对2008～2019年发生在中国区域的7个M_S≥6.0地震，采用滑动四分位距法分析了地震前后的电离层扰动时空分布特征。结果显示，5个地震的震前2～6天，GPS-TEC值出现负异常扰动，地震发生期间及震后电离层TEC出现正异常扰动，主要集中在震后2～7天；GPS观测站距离震中越近，垂直上空的TEC扰动越明显，扰动空间最大范围可达2000km。随着震级的增加，震前电离层TEC异常扰动的发生率有所增加，且异常覆盖的范围也有所扩大。因此，认为震前一周内的电离层TEC变化可能提供揭示电离层扰动与地震活动之间关系的线索。  相似文献   

中国西北地区南华纪—古生代构造重建及关键问题讨论     

计文化  李荣社  陈奋宁  杨博 《地质力学学报》2020,26(5):634-655

中国西北是古亚洲构造域和特提斯构造域共同作用的地区，南华纪—古生代时期经历了复杂的洋-陆演化过程，诸陆（地）块于三叠纪基本拼贴就位，奠定了中生代以来陆内盆山演化的基础。但对于西北地区南华纪—古生代时期古亚洲洋盆最终关闭的时限、位置，以及秦祁昆古生代造山带属于特提斯构造域还是古亚洲构造域等重大区域地质问题目前仍存在较大争议。文章在最新地质填图的基础上，通过对沉积建造、岩浆建造、变质变形等的综合分析，将西北地区南华纪—古生代的构造单元厘定为3个洋板块、4个弧盆系和2个陆（地）块群等9个二级、46个三级和112个四级构造单元，力图刻画消失的大洋盆地的残留组成和诸陆（地）块的边缘增生结构。结合古地磁、生物古地理研究成果，恢复了古生代不同时期西北洋-陆系统在全球的位置，讨论了洋盆消减、诸陆（地）块拼贴的过程。   相似文献   

攀枝花大田铀矿床基本特征及成因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙泽轩  陈友良  姚建  韩文文  王凤岗  张亮 《地质论评》2020,66(4):1005-1018

大田铀矿床为康滇古陆上探明的首例铀矿床。在矿床勘探过程中,共施工钻探29712 m、槽探5000m~3,发现工业铀矿孔25个、铀矿化孔6个。本文在野外调查、岩芯编录和勘探剖面编制的基础上,结合样品分析测试,对大田铀矿床基本特征及成因进行了研究。结果表明,大田铀矿床是在Rodinia大陆裂解拉张背景下,构造热液作用过程中形成的。已探明铀矿(化)体定位于构造蚀变带内,矿体形态呈透镜状、脉状。原生铀矿物以晶质铀矿为主,含少量钛铀矿、沥青铀矿。赋矿岩石为斜长角闪岩,其原岩为侵位于构造蚀变带内的辉长岩脉。主量元素特征显示,赋矿岩石与基性岩类辉长岩主量元素含量特征一致;稀土元素特征显示,赋矿岩石的原岩形成于拉张构造环境。铀成矿与钠交代作用关系密切。  相似文献   

基于IceBridge数据的南极别林斯高晋海的海冰厚度研究     

张建  杨元德  杨全明  汪楚涯 《冰川冻土》2020,42(2):295-306

海冰变化与全球气候、 生态系统和人类活动密切相关， 海冰厚度是海冰变化研究的重要参数之一。全面立体高精度观测海冰厚度的最有效手段是航空遥感， 而冰桥计划（IceBridge）是当前南北极最大的航空遥感工程。基于2009 - 2014年冰桥计划的激光雷达高程数据和数字测图系统相机光学影像对南极别林斯高晋海的海冰厚度进行研究， 并结合降雪量等气象数据探讨该区域海冰厚度变化的原因。研究发现该海域的海冰厚度在2009 - 2014年间整体呈微弱增长趋势（0.07 m·a^-1）， 但是在95%置信水平下不具有显著性。2009 - 2011年呈现先增加后减少的大幅度变化， 其中2010年达到极大值2.42 m， 之后开始缓慢增加。海冰厚度的年际变化与降雪和近地表温度等气象要素相关， 二者相比较而言降雪为主要影响因素。  相似文献   

Transition Periods Between Sea Ice Concentration and Sea Surface Air Temperature in the Arctic Revealed by an Abnormal Running Correlation     

JI Xupeng  ZHAO Jinping 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2019,(3)

This study used the synthetic running correlation coefficient calculation method to calculate the running correlation coefficients between the daily sea ice concentration(SIC) and sea surface air temperature(SSAT) in the Beaufort-Chukchi-East Siberian-Laptev Sea(BCEL Sea), Kara Sea and southern Chukchi Sea, with an aim to understand and measure the seasonally occurring changes in the Arctic climate system. The similarities and differences among these three regions were also discussed. There are periods in spring and autumn when the changes in SIC and SSAT are not synchronized, which is a result of the seasonally occurring variation in the climate system. These periods are referred to as transition periods. Spring transition periods can be found in all three regions, and the start and end dates of these periods have advancing trends. The multiyear average duration of the spring transition periods in the BCEL Sea, Kara Sea and southern Chukchi Sea is 74 days, 57 days and 34 days, respectively. In autumn, transition periods exist in only the southern Chukchi Sea, with a multiyear average duration of only 16 days. Moreover, in the Kara Sea, positive correlation events can be found in some years, which are caused by weather time scale processes.  相似文献   

平原地区高潜水位采煤塌陷综合治理研究——以兖州煤田为例     

姬宗皓  高彦生  甄洪帅  赵永海  宋炳忠 《山东国土资源》2019,35(12)

煤炭资源的开采引发了采煤塌陷、农田损毁、生态破坏、农民失地等后果,给矿区带来了一系列经济、社会、环境问题。该文以兖州煤田为例,对平原地区高潜水位条件下煤炭开采引起的地表塌陷现状进行调查,充分掌握了塌陷区土地利用现状、塌陷区稳沉状况及破坏现状。分析了兖州煤田采煤塌陷区的土地损毁特点,研究了塌陷区综合治理的手段和方法,针对性地提出了高潜水位地区采煤塌陷综合治理的途径,为采煤塌陷区的规划治理提供了参考。  相似文献